Vaping, the act of inhaling and exhaling aerosol produced by electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), has gained substantial popularity in recent years.

As the use of vaping devices continues to increase, it is crucial to evaluate the potential benefits and risks associated with this emerging trend. This article provides a comprehensive review of the current scientific knowledge regarding the benefits and risks of vaping, encompassing aspects such as harm reduction, smoking cessation, health effects, and regulatory considerations.

By critically examining the available evidence, this article aims to contribute to a well-informed discussion on the overall impact of vaping on public health.

Vaping has emerged as an alternative to conventional smoking, offering a potentially less harmful nicotine delivery system. This section provides an overview of the rise of vaping and the need for a balanced evaluation of its benefits and risks.

Reducing the harmful effects of smoking

Vaping is often promoted as a harm reduction tool for smokers who struggle to quit. This section explores the evidence surrounding the potential of vaping to reduce harm by delivering nicotine without the harmful combustion byproducts associated with traditional cigarettes.

Smoking cessation

It is commonly used as a smoking cessation aid. This section reviews studies investigating the effectiveness of e-cigarettes in helping individuals quit smoking, as well as the potential role of vaping in long-term tobacco abstinence.

Youth initiation and addiction

Vaping has raised concerns about its appeal to young individuals and the potential for nicotine addiction. This section reviews studies on the prevalence of vaping among youth, the impact of advertising and flavourings, and the addictive properties of e-cigarettes.

Health effects

This section delves into the current scientific understanding of the health effects associated with vaping. It examines the respiratory, cardiovascular, and other potential adverse health impacts related to e-cigarette use. Additionally, the effects of vaping on non-users, particularly adolescents, are discussed.

Chemical composition and safety

A crucial aspect of evaluating the risks of vaping involves examining the chemical composition of e-cigarette aerosols and potential safety concerns. This section discusses the presence of harmful substances, such as nicotine, volatile organic compounds, heavy metals, and flavourings, as well as the significance of product quality and regulations.

Regulatory considerations

Effective regulation plays a vital role in managing the potential benefits and risks of vaping. This section explores existing and proposed regulations, including age restrictions, product labelling, marketing limitations, and product standards.

Vaping presents a complex landscape of potential benefits and risks. While it may offer harm reduction potential for current smokers, particularly as a smoking cessation aid, it also raises concerns about health effects and youth initiation. Understanding the available evidence and implementing appropriate regulations are crucial for maximising the benefits and minimising the risks associated with vaping.

By providing a comprehensive review of the scientific literature, this article aims to inform policymakers, healthcare professionals, and the general public about the nuanced nature of the vaping phenomenon and facilitate evidence-based decision-making. Further research is necessary to continually update our understanding of vaping’s benefits and risks as new products and evidence emerge.